Every Step You Take, I’ll Be Tracking You

Lately, it seems like we hear a story every week about a new security breach concerning our personal information.  Just a few weeks ago, Epsilon was hacked and millions of email addresses were stolen. A few weeks later, Sony announced that their worldwide gaming network too was hacked.  And now, companies like Apple and Google are being scrutinized for their questionable iPhone and Android tracking processes.

In a paper recently released on Radar O’Reilly, researchers revealed that they had uncovered a hidden file in iPhones and iPads that regularly records the location of the user. To make matters worse, the file in which all this is stored is unencrypted; that means that anyone with access to a user’s iPhone or iPad could unveil the user’s entire history of where they had been (or at least their device had been).  On top of that, the information collected is also transferred to your computer anytime you sync your device. Even if a customer buys a new device and syncs the new device with the original computer, all the location data will end up on the new device.

So the question is – what tracking is necessary for the device to function? For instance, in order for your phone to find reception it must be able to locate cell towers as you travel.  In order for an iPhone to locate a new wireless network, it also needs to use GPS in order to see where the networks are. Why though is Apple storing this information? The extent to which Apple has gone appears to be extreme.

If you’re thinking that this shouldn’t be acceptable, you’re not alone.  Some rather high profile voices have contributed to the debate.  Senator Franken of Minnesota published an open letter to Steve Jobs chastising Apple for tracking and storing this information.  The head of the Electronic Privacy Information Clearinghouse is also questioning whether Apple violated its own terms of service agreement which ensures that customer information will be guarded appropriately.  A group of people in Florida have even gone so far as to file class action lawsuits against the company.

The immediate and strong outpouring of global concern about this invasion of privacy prompted a few short responses from Apple at the outset, and then one big answer to the issue – a software update. This most recent update to the operating system will turn off tracking and disallow storage of information after one week.  Don’t worry, your iPhone and iPad will still transmit location information that is necessary for device functioning, but all the other information will be erased. This information will no longer be stored on your computer when you sync your device. As for the Android, a spokesperson from Google has said that “any location data that is sent back to Google location servers is anonymized and is not tied or traceable to a specific user.”

Since these announcements initial panic has decreased but we continue to be reminded that our privacy must always be guarded vigilantly. And best of all, companies like Apple and Google are listening to your voice by not tracking your whereabouts.

Hackers Unite

The thieves who made off with more than $2.5M from Citibank and caused the bank to issue 100,000 replacement bank cards have highlighted an alarming trend. Hackers are evolving. And, they are organizing and uniting. They even have a Twitter account. Before the advent of the Internet, we called these hackers “robbers” or “criminals” or the “mafia.” However, now that the Internet has provided a way to enter the front door through the digital underground, hacking has evolved in to a disastrous enterprise.

I’m seeing the evolution of four kinds of hackers emerging into cohesive groups that we need to pay close attention to.

Mobsters: The hackers who attacked Citibank are probably “mobster” hackers. Mobsters are hackers who are connected to large-scale criminal enterprises bringing new meaning to the phrase “organized crime.” In some cases, crime families are hiring hacking groups to procure log-in information for one site knowing that many consumers today are using the same log-in for their financial sites as well. Citibank seems like a perfect example of this kind of activity.

Taunters: Taunting hackers are just thumbing their noses at anyone who dares to believe they have good online security systems in place. These kinds of hacker are breaking security settings, stealing email addresses, and bypassing firewalls just to show that it can be done, usually to the great embarrassment of the company being preyed upon. The hackers who keep breaching Sony’s systems and the CIA website are most likely taunters.

Activists: Activist hackers seem to have taken a nod from Taunters. While the act of hacking remains criminal, hackers who are breaching security to support a social cause aren’t in it for the money. The hi-jacking of the PBS website to protest the Frontline story on Wikileaks is a prime example as are the attacks on Visa, MasterCard, PayPal, and Sarah Palin. These are more like sit-ins, road blocks, and Green Peace protests.

Anarchists: The fourth and final kind of hackers are those who are working to dismantle governments, disrupt the lives of entire populations, or shut down some branch of government. Anarchist hackers may be engaged in what some might call terrorists activities and others might call citizen uproars or even revolutions. (On a side note, when sponsored by nation-states against enemies, they fall under counter-intelligence activities as well. See unleashing worms).

Whenever those destined to engage in criminal activity of any kind begin to unite and organize, good citizens must pay serious attention. Metamorphosis is a dynamic process, and the hacking evolution is no different. As certain groups gain strength and numbers, allegiances will shift and factions will break.

And as they declare war on each other, the good citizens of the world, like you and I, can find ourselves in a heap of collateral damage.

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